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IRS roundup: August 28 – September 15, 2025

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for August 28, 2025 – September 15, 2025.

August 28, 2025: The IRS issued Revenue Procedure 2025-28, providing guidance on making certain elections for domestic research or experimental expenditures under § 70302(f) of the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (OBBBA). Revenue Procedure 2025-28 specifically modifies procedures under Internal Revenue Code (Code) § 446 and Treasury Regulation § 1.446-1(e) for obtaining automatic consent from the commissioner of the Internal Revenue to:

  • Change methods of accounting for research or experimental expenditures under § 174, as amended by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
  • Change methods of accounting to comply with §§ 174 and 174A, as amended by OBBBA.

Revenue Procedure 2025-28 also prescribes the procedure for electing to amortize domestic research or experimental expenditures paid or incurred in the taxable years beginning after December 31, 2024, under Code § 174A(c).

September 2, 2025: The IRS issued Tax Tip 2025-59, reminding employers that they can use educational assistance programs to help employees pay for various educational expenses for undergraduate- or graduate-level studies. These programs can help pay for books, equipment, supplies, tuition, and other fees, as well as for qualified education loans. This tax-free benefit is allowed only up to $5,250 per employee per year and does not include meals, lodging, or transportation.

September 3, 2025: In Medtronic, Inc. v. Commissioner, the US Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit vacated the US Tax Court’s order, rejecting the Tax Court’s three-step unspecified method to value the arm’s length royalty rate for intercompany licensing agreements. The Eight Circuit also held that the Tax Court incorrectly rejected the application of the comparable profits method, explaining that, on remand, the Tax Court should consider whether the proposed comparable companies were “sufficiently similar” to Medtronic Puerto Rico.

September 15, 2025: The IRS released Internal Revenue Bulletin 2025–38, which includes Notice 2025-38. This notice republishes the inflation adjustment factor and the clean electricity production credit allowable under Code § 45Y for the 2025 calendar year. The inflation adjustment factor – and applicable amounts allowable for the 2025 calendar year – are used to determine the amount of Code § 45Y credits that may apply to calendar year 2025 sales, consumption, or storage of electricity produced at a qualified facility in the United States.

The IRS also released its weekly list of written determinations (e.g., Private Letter Rulings, Technical Advice Memorandums, and Chief Counsel Advice).




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IRS roundup: June 3 – 17, 2025

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for June 3, 2025 – June 17, 2025.

Commissioner update

June 16, 2025: Billy Long was sworn in as the 51st IRS Commissioner after having been confirmed by the US Senate on June 12. Long served as a US Representative for Missouri’s 7th congressional district from 2011 to 2023. His term will run through November 12, 2027.

IRS guidance

June 12, 2025: The IRS has announced that it is experiencing a delay in processing electronic payments and that some taxpayers are receiving notices indicating a balance due even though payments were timely made.

Taxpayers who receive a balance due notice but electronically paid the tax they owed in full and on time do not need to respond. The IRS has said that any associated penalties and interest will be automatically adjusted once the payment(s) are applied correctly.

June 12, 2025: The IRS released Tax Tip 2025-39, reminding businesses about the Childcare Tax Credit. Taxpayers may receive a credit of up to $150,000 per year to offset 10% of qualified childcare resource and referral costs and 25% of qualified childcare facility costs.

To be eligible for the credit, an employer must have paid or incurred qualified childcare costs during the tax year to provide childcare services to employees. Employers should complete Form 8882, Credit for Employer-Provided Childcare Facilities and Services, to claim the credit. The credit is subject to the carryback and carryover rules for business credits.

June 12, 2025: The IRS issued Notice 2025-33, extending for an additional year the transitional relief provided in Sections 3.01, 3.02, and 3.06 of Notice 2024-59. Notice 2025-33 provides transitional relief from penalties with respect to certain information reporting obligations under Section 6045 and provides transitional relief from the liability for the payment of backup withholding tax required to be withheld under Section 3406 and its accompanying regulators.

This notice also provides transitional relief from penalties for brokers who fail to pay that tax with respect to certain sales of digital assets required to be reported under Section 6045, as well as a digital asset sale relief for certain customers that have not been previously classified by the broker as US persons.

June 13, 2025: The IRS issued Notice 2025-35, providing guidance on the corporate bond monthly yield curve, corresponding spot segment rates under Internal Revenue Code (Code) Section 417(e)(3), and the 24-month average segment rates under Code Section 430(h)(2). The notice also provides guidance on the interest rate for 30-year Treasury securities under Code Section 417(e)(3)(A)(ii)(II) (for plan years in effect before 2008) and the 30-year Treasury weighted average rate under Code Section 431(c)(6)(E)(ii)(I).

June 17, 2025: The IRS issued Revenue Ruling 2025-13, providing prescribed rates for federal income tax purposes for July 2025, including but not limited to:




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“Big, Beautiful Bill”: Federal Tax Bill Would Restrict the Employee Retention Credit

A sweeping federal tax bill that is currently under consideration in the US House of Representatives contains provisions that would significantly change the administration and enforcement of the Employee Retention Credit (ERC).

The ERC was enacted in 2020 as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act to provide financial relief to businesses affected by the COVID-19 pandemic by incentivizing employers to retain employees on payroll and rehire displaced workers. The ERC allowed employers that experienced significant disruptions due to government orders or a substantial decline in gross receipts to claim a tax credit equal to a percentage of qualified wages paid to employees. Millions of employers have filed refund claims seeking ERC for periods in 2020 and 2021. Since the enactment of the CARES Act, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has issued roughly $250 billion in ERC. More than 500,000 claims remained pending as of April 2025.

The federal tax bill, dubbed the “Big, Beautiful Bill” by US President Donald Trump, would prevent the IRS from allowing ERC that was claimed by a taxpayer on or before January 31, 2024. The deadline to claim ERC for taxable quarters in 2020 was April 15, 2024, and the deadline to claim ERC for taxable quarters in 2021 was April 15, 2025. The tax bill would thus appear to render ineligible all pending claims that were made after January 31, 2024, which are likely to be considerable in number. The bill is ambiguous as to whether taxpayers who have already been allowed ERC would need to repay those amounts to the extent their claims were made after January 31, 2024.

The tax bill would also extend the statute of limitations on the IRS’s ability to assess amounts attributable to ERC. Presently, the IRS has three years to assess amounts associated with ERC for all periods in 2020 and for Q1 and Q2 of 2021. The IRS has five years to assess amounts associated with ERC for Q3 and Q4 of 2021. The proposed legislation would extend both of these limitations periods to six years. This change would be significant, especially because the IRS is authorized to assess and collect erroneously allowed ERC by notice and demand.

Practice Point: Taxpayers with pending ERC claims should be alert to ongoing legislative developments – as this area continues to be a prominent focus of federal tax policy – and prepare now to defend ERC claims (even those filed after the potentially new deadline of January 31, 2024). Enactment of the changes proposed in the tax bill could dramatically restrict the amount of ERC currently eligible to be paid or credited and may empower the IRS to recapture a greater amount of claims already allowed. But considerable uncertainties remain as to the scope of the changes proposed in the bill. In the face of this uncertainty, taxpayers should consult experienced counsel who can assist them in preparing to defend ERC claims to which they are entitled.




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The Employee Retention Credit: IRS’s “Risking” Model Faces Legal Challenge

Case: ERC Today LLC et al. v. John McInelly et al., No. 2:24-cv-03178 (D. Ariz.)

In an April 2025 order, the US District Court for the District of Arizona denied a motion for a preliminary injunction filed by two tax preparation firms. The firms sought to halt the Internal Revenue Service’s (IRS) use of an automated “risk assessment model” that the IRS used to evaluate and disallow claims for the Employee Retention Credit (ERC), seeking to restore individualized review of ERC claims.

BACKGROUND ON THE ERC

The ERC was enacted in 2020 as part of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act to provide financial relief to businesses affected by COVID-19 by incentivizing employers to retain employees and rehire displaced workers. The ERC allowed employers that experienced significant disruptions due to government orders or a substantial decline in gross receipts to claim a tax credit equal to a percentage of qualified wages paid to employees. Millions of employers have filed amended employment tax returns (Form 941-X) claiming the credit for periods in 2020 and 2021. Since the enactment of the CARES Act, the IRS has issued roughly $250 billion in ERC.

THE IRS’S MORATORIUM AND AUTOMATED RISK ASSESSMENT MODEL

In September 2023, the IRS instituted a moratorium on processing ERC claims to review its procedures, reduce the backlog of claims, and identify potential fraud. Before the moratorium, all ERC claims received individualized review. During the moratorium, the IRS developed an automated “risk assessment model” to facilitate the processing of claims. This model, which is alternatively known as “risking,” utilizes taxpayer-submitted data and publicly available information to predict the likelihood that a taxpayer’s claim is valid or invalid. Claims deemed to be “high risk” by the system are excluded from review by an IRS employee and instead are designated for immediate disallowance. In August 2024, the IRS lifted its ERC processing moratorium and began issuing thousands of disallowance notices to taxpayers. Notwithstanding these actions, the number of pending ERC claims remained above one million as of November 2024.

THE COURT CHALLENGE TO THE IRS’S “RISKING” MODEL

In their motion for a preliminary injunction, filed January 7, 2025, the plaintiffs (the tax preparation firms) sought a court order compelling the IRS to, among other things, stop the use of “risking” and restore individualized employee review of ERC claims. The plaintiffs claimed to be injured by the “risking” model because they were unable to collect contingency fees from clients when claims were disallowed.

In support of their motion, the plaintiffs pointed to having received on behalf of their clients many boilerplate rejections immediately following the end of the moratorium. The plaintiffs alleged that these summary disallowances were arbitrary and capricious, thus violating the Administrative Procedure Act (APA), because the “risking” model precluded the IRS from acquiring information necessary to properly evaluate the claims.[1] The plaintiffs also contended that the disallowances reflected a shift in IRS policy to disfavor ERC, with the result being that several legitimate claims were being [...]

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Weekly IRS Roundup October 28 – November 1, 2024

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of October 28, 2024 – November 1, 2024.

October 28, 2024: The IRS released Internal Revenue Bulletin 2024-44, which includes the following:

  • Treasury Decision 9994, which provides guidance on § 367(d) of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) regarding the transfer of intangibles by US persons to foreign corporations. Effective January 1, 2024, the regulations turn off the application of § 367(d) when foreign corporations repatriate the intangibles to a qualified domestic person when certain reporting requirements are satisfied.
  • Notice 2024-71, which provides a safe harbor under Code § 213(d), treating amounts paid for condoms as medical care expenses eligible for reimbursement under various health plans. These amounts can also be paid or reimbursed, but if reimbursed, they are not deductible.
  • Notice 2024-75, which expands the list of preventive care benefits that high deductible health plans can provide without a deductible or with a lower deductible, including benefits for over-the-counter oral contraceptives and condoms, regardless of whether they are purchased with a prescription. The guidance is effective for plan years that began on or after December 30, 2022.
  • Revenue Procedure 2024-33, which updates the guidelines and general requirements for developing, printing, and approving substitute tax forms as detailed in Revenue Procedure 2023-28 to ensure submitted forms can be accepted as substitutes for official IRS forms.
  • Announcement 2024-36, which revokes the determination for specified organizations under Code § 501(c)(3) and stipulates that contributions made to said organizations by individual donors are no longer deductible under Code § 170(b)(1)(A).

October 28, 2024: The IRS reminded taxpayers to stay alert against online threats like identity theft and fraud. As National Cybersecurity Awareness Month concludes, the agency also offered tips, such as using strong passwords, enabling multifactor authentication, and avoiding phishing scams, to protect one’s personal information.

October 28, 2024: The IRS released Notice 2024-78, which extends the temporary relief provided in Notice 2023-11 for foreign financial institutions required to report US taxpayer identification numbers for certain preexisting accounts. This relief applies to eligible institutions under a Model 1 intergovernmental agreement for the 2025, 2026, and 2027 calendar years.

October 28, 2024: The IRS reminded employers that hiring individuals from specific groups can help reduce their tax liability through the Work Opportunity Tax Credit. To claim this credit, employers must certify the eligibility of new hires by submitting IRS Form 8850 to their state workforce agency within 28 days of the employee starting work.

October 29, 2024: The IRS announced the appointment of its new associate chief counsel for the Passthroughs, Trusts, and Estates office, which will focus on partnerships, S corporations, trusts, and estates.

October 29, 2024: The IRS reminded businesses that they can qualify [...]

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Weekly IRS Roundup August 26 – August 30, 2024

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of August 26, 2024 – August 30, 2024.

August 26, 2024: The IRS released Internal Revenue Bulletin 2024-35, which includes the following:

  • Revenue Ruling 2024-16, which provides the average annual effective interest rates for new loans under the Farm Credit System and lists the states within each Farm Credit System Bank Territory. These rates are used to compute the special use value of farmland for estate tax purposes under § 2032A of the Internal Revenue Code (Code).
  • Announcement 2024-32, which revokes the Code § 501(c)(3) determination for specified organizations and stipulates that contributions made to said organizations by individual donors are no longer deductible under Code § 170(b)(1)(A).
  • Proposed regulations that address issues under the dual consolidated loss rules, including the treatment of certain disregarded payments that result in losses for foreign tax purposes. These regulations clarify the interaction of dual consolidated loss rules with intercompany transactions under Code § 1503(d) and introduce rules for foreign hybrid entities.

August 26, 2024: The IRS identified new warning signs of incorrect Employee Retention Credit claims and urged businesses to review their filings to ensure eligibility and avoid mistakes. Common issues include unsupported claims of business suspension, wages paid to family members, and wages reported as payroll costs to qualify for the loan forgiveness.

August 27, 2024: The IRS concluded the “Protect Your Clients; Protect Yourself” summer campaign, which encouraged tax professionals to implement robust security measures to defend against identity theft and emerging data security threats. The campaign highlighted the critical need to protect sensitive information from cybercriminal exploitation.

August 27, 2024: The IRS reminded truckers that the deadline to file IRS Form 22901, Heavy Highway Vehicle Use Tax Return, and pay the heavy highway vehicle use tax for 2024 is September 3, 2024.

August 27, 2024: The IRS encouraged taxpayers to conduct a tax checkup at the end of the summer to adjust their withholding or payments and prevent unexpected tax bills next year. This initiative aims to help taxpayers align their tax payments with what they owe, especially those with gig economy jobs or other income not subject to withholding.

August 28, 2024: The IRS notified employers that they can use educational assistance programs to help employees repay their student loans through December 31, 2025.

August 28, 2024: The IRS extended the deadline to file federal individual and business tax returns and make tax payments for certain individuals and businesses in the US Virgin Islands that were affected by Tropical Storm Ernesto. The new deadline is February 3, 2025. The extended deadline is available to taxpayers in any area designated by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, including individuals and households that reside or have a business in any of the [...]

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Weekly IRS Roundup August 19 – August 23, 2024

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of August 19, 2024 – August 23, 2024.

August 19, 2024: The IRS released Internal Revenue Bulletin 2024-34, which includes the following:

  • Treasury Decision 10005, which provides the criteria for single-employer defined benefit plan sponsors to obtain approval to use plan-specific mortality tables when calculating present value for minimum funding. Effective July 31, 2024, these changes will apply to plan years beginning on or after January 1, 2025.
  • Notice 2024-61, which provides the inflation adjustment factor and phase-out amount for the enhanced oil recovery credit under § 38 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) for calendar years 1991 through 2024.
  • Announcement 2024-31, which revokes the Code § 501(c)(3) determination for specified organizations and stipulates that contributions made to said organizations by individual donors are no longer deductible under Code § 170(b)(1)(A).

August 19, 2024: The IRS reminded taxpayers that summer day camp expenses may qualify for the Child and Dependent Care tax credit, which can help offset costs for working parents with children under 13. The credit may cover up to 35% of qualifying expenses, with a maximum eligible expense of $3,000 for one child and $6,000 for two or more.

August 19, 2024: The IRS released Notice 2024-63, which allows employers to match contributions to Code § 401(k) plans and similar retirement plans based on employees’ student loan payments. This guidance, effective for plan years beginning after December 31, 2023, includes eligibility criteria, employee certification requirements, and special nondiscrimination testing relief.

August 19, 2024: The IRS reminded taxpayers who requested an extension to file their federal taxes that free filing options, such as IRS Free File and MilTax (for eligible military members), are still available for filing electronically and claiming tax credits.

August 20, 2024: The IRS advised taxpayers who opted for paid tax preparers to help file their tax returns to verify the preparer’s credentials, check their history with the Better Business Bureau, and ensure they offer IRS e-file services.

August 20, 2024: The IRS highlighted the “Security Six,” a set of essential steps tax professionals can take to protect their offices, computers, and client data from cyber threats. These steps include using anti-virus software, firewalls, multifactor authentication, backup software or services, encrypted drives, and virtual private networks.

August 21, 2024: The IRS reminded school teachers that they can deduct up to $300 of unreimbursed classroom expenses for the 2024 tax year. This deduction applies to a variety of classroom items, including supplies, books, and equipment, and is available even if teachers take the standard deduction.

August 21, 2024: The IRS released Revenue Ruling 2024-18, which announces that interest rates for tax overpayments and underpayments under Code § 6621 will remain unchanged for the fourth [...]

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Weekly IRS Roundup June 10 – June 14, 2024

Check out our summary of significant Internal Revenue Service (IRS) guidance and relevant tax matters for the week of June 10, 2024 – June 14, 2024.

June 10, 2024: The IRS released Internal Revenue Bulletin 2024-24, which includes the following:

  • Revenue Ruling 2024-11, which provides the interest rates under 6621 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) for tax underpayments and overpayments for the calendar quarter beginning July 1, 2024. The underpayment and overpayment interest rates will remain the same for the third calendar quarter of 2024.
  • Notice 2024-36, which provides the timeline for the second 2024 allocation round of the Qualifying Advanced Energy Project Credit program under Code 48C(e) and supersedes Appendices A, B and C of Notice 2023-44.
  • Notice 2024-39, which provides the inflation adjustment factor for the carbon oxide sequestration credit under Code § 45Q for taxpayers who make an election under § 45Q(b)(3) for calendar year 2024.
  • Notice 2024-40, which updates the corporate bond weighted average interest rate for plan years beginning May 2024, the 24-month average segment rates, the funding transitional segment rates applicable for May 2024 and the minimum present value transitional rates for April 2024.
  • Notice 2024-41, which provides a new elective safe harbor for taxpayers seeking to qualify their energy projects for the 10% Domestic Content Bonus Credit. The notice also modifies Notice 2023-38 by expanding the list of Applicable Projects to include hydropower and pumped hydropower storage facilities, among other changes.
  • Proposed Regulations, which provide guidance on information reporting requirements for transactions with foreign trusts and the receipt of large foreign gifts under Code § 643(i), 679, 6039F, 6048 and 6677 (the foreign trust and gift provisions). The proposed regulations would also provide that certain loans from a foreign trust and the use of trust property are reportable events.
  • Announcement 2024-22 and Announcement 2024-23, which revoke the Code § 501(c)(3) determination for specified organizations and stipulate that contributions made to said organizations by individual donors are no longer deductible under Code § 170(b)(1)(A).
  • Announcement 2024-24, which notifies taxpayers of the applicable Reference Standard 90.1 required under Code § 179D(c)(2) as part of the definition of energy efficient commercial building property, effective May 17, 2024.

June 10, 2024: The IRS highlighted options for taxpayers who missed the April filing deadline to file their 2023 federal income tax returns and reminded those taxpayers to pay the amounts owed as soon as possible to limit penalties and interest charges.

June 10, 2024: The IRS reminded taxpayers that the second quarter estimated tax payment deadline is June 17, 2024.

June 10, 2024: The IRS advised that most individual and business taxpayers can use the Online Payment Agreement service to set up a payment plan, including an installment agreement, to pay off an [...]

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Employers Be Forewarned and Forearmed: Recent IRS Announcements Require Action on ERTC Claims

Promoters and tax advisors have extensively marketed the Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC) as a way for employers to reclaim Federal Insurance Contributions Act payroll taxes paid during the first two years of COVID-19. The rules governing ERTC claims are complex and nuanced, however, resulting in increased scrutiny by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Asserting that many employers have improperly claimed these heavily marketed ERTC refunds, the IRS released two announcements, one on September 14, 2023, and the other on October 19, 2023, that address ERTC claims. In conjunction with these announcements, the IRS has already named fraudulent ERTC claims as number one on its “Dirty Dozen” list for 2023.

Specifically, the IRS will now target erroneous ERTC claims with penalties and interest. If a case is deemed fraudulent, the IRS will investigate and may impose civil and criminal penalties. The IRS has also suspended ERTC refund claims and provided a new withdrawal process for potentially fraudulent claims.




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